Head-to-head evidence
Afrezza vs Insulin Efsitora Alfa
Same mechanism, same race: design-graded trial evidence for both assets, with the grading rationale shown. Grades describe the quality of the evidence, never the merits of either security.
Type 2 Diabetes
Shared mechanism: Insulin receptor (basal) · full Type 2 Diabetes pipeline
Afrezza
Marketed by MannKind Corporation
NCT00332488 · Phase 3 · completed
The trial randomized 528 participants across three treatment groups and used an active comparator, but it was open-label rather than blinded and its primary endpoint was the surrogate measure HbA1c. The primary comparison was not met: HbA1c decreased by 0.70% with inhaled insulin plus metformin versus 0.78% with metformin plus secretagogue (p=0.420).
Insulin Efsitora Alfa
Developed by Eli Lilly
NCT05275400 · Phase 3 · completed
The study randomized 986 participants to efsitora or active-control insulin degludec, but treatment was open-label rather than blinded. The primary HbA1c noninferiority endpoint was met, with a treatment difference of -0.089 percentage points and a 95% confidence interval of -0.191 to 0.013 within the prespecified 0.4% margin; the primary endpoint was a surrogate measure.
The full competitive landscape for each asset (every same-race competitor with aligned evidence, sortable) is on the asset pages: Afrezza's landscape · Insulin Efsitora Alfa's landscape