CD19, CD22, and BCMA (tri-antigen)

Class

Autologous tri-antigen-targeted CAR T-cell therapy

This is an autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy engineered to recognize three surface proteins at once: CD19 and CD22, which are found on cells across the B-lymphocyte lineage, and BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen), which marks more mature, antibody-producing plasma cells. In CAR T-cell therapy, a patient's own T cells are collected and genetically modified to express a synthetic receptor that binds a chosen surface antigen and triggers the T cell's natural killing machinery when that antigen is encountered. Targeting a single antigen can fail if tumor cells lose or reduce expression of that marker, allowing the disease to persist or return. By building a receptor construct that can engage any of three antigens spanning the B-cell-to-plasma-cell continuum, this approach aims to maintain tumor recognition even when one or two markers are downregulated, and potentially to address malignancies with mixed or evolving cell populations. This strategy is broadly relevant to B-cell malignancies such as leukemias and lymphomas, as well as plasma cell malignancies such as multiple myeloma, wherever antigen heterogeneity or antigen-loss relapse is a recognized limitation of single-target immunotherapies.